英语写作分词规则总结

英语写作分词规则总结 第一篇

一、在感官动词（如：hear/find/hear/smell/observe/watch/notice）之后，我们可以用两类分词做宾语补足语。简单来说，宾语补足语就是对宾语的补充说明，使句子的表意更加完整。

（一）、I heard him criticized many times.（过去分词做宾补）

（二）、We saw the sun rising from behind the trees.（现在分词做宾补）

二、在这些动词之后，我们也可以用不带to的动词不定式做补语，二者的区别是：用现在分词，强调动作正在进行；用不定式则表示一般的动作或一个动作至始至终的全过程。

In the park you often see people do shadow boxing(太极拳，表示一个动作的全过程)

总之，分词在英语中是一个非常重要但是也比较难以掌握的语法项目，说其重要，是因为只有理解了分词的逻辑，才能对英语有一个更深入的理解，同时掌握好分词的用法，对提高自己的英文写作能力也非常有帮助。相信大家能结合给出的例句，对这一语法有更好的理解。

英语写作分词规则总结 第二篇

一、现在分词做定语

现在分词做定语主要有两种意义

（一）、表示主动、一般的动作

我们说过，分词是定语从句的简化，在分词表示这种意义时，若将分词改成定语从句，定语从句谓语动词要用一般现在时。此时，现在分词多数表示的是所修饰名词的一种持久性特点。

a puzzling problem=a problem that puzzles everyone

The exploring class=the class that exploits others(剥削阶级)

（二）、表示主动地、正在进行的动作

此时现在分词所表示的是所修饰名词的一种短暂性特点，强调正在发生的动作

falling leaves=leaves that are falling

二、过去分词作定语

过去分词作定语，也有两种意义

（一）、表示被动的、一般的或完成的动作

此时动词一般为及物动词，此时若将分词改成定语从句，定语从句谓语动词要用被动语态

the exploited class=the class that is exploited(被剥削阶级，表示被动)

The boiled water=the water that has been boiled(表示完成)

（二）、主动地、完成的动作

由及物动词变来的过去分词才有被动意义，而由不及物动词变来的过去分词则不表示被动，只表示主动完成的语态。

a retired general=a general that has retired.

总结：现在分词和过去分词作定语时的区别是：

A.从语态角度来讲，现在分词表示主动意义。而过去分词通常表示被动意义（不及物动词的过去分词除外）。

B.从时态角度来讲，现在分词一般表示进行的动作，过去分词表示完成的动作。

英语写作分词规则总结 第三篇

In their tenses verbs follow the divisions of time. They have present tense, past tense and future tense with their variations to express the exact time of action as to an event happening, having happened or yet to happen.

Mood

There are four simple moods, --- the infinitive, the indicative, the imperative and the subjunctive.

The mood of a verb denotes the mode or manner in which it is used. Thus if it is used in its widest sense without reverence to person or number, time or place, it is in the Infinitive Mood; as “To run.” Here we are not told who does the running, when it is done, where it is done or anything about it.

When a verb is used to indicate or declare or ask a simple question or make any direct statement, it is in the Indicative Mood. “The boy loves his book.” Here a direct statement is made concerning the boy. “Have you a pin?” Here a simple question is asked which calls for an answer.

When the verb is used to express a command or entreaty it is in the Imperative Mood as, :Go away.” Give me a penny.

When the verb is used to express doubt, supposition or uncertainty or when some future action depends upon a contingency, it is in the subjunctive mood; as, “If I come, he shall remain. “

Verbs have two participles, the present or imperfect, sometimes called the active ending in -ing and the past or perfect, often called the passive, ending in -ed or d.

The infinitive expresses the sense of the verb in a substantive form, the participles in an adjective form; as “To rise early is healthful.” “An early rising man.” “The newly risen sun.”

The participle in -ing is frequently used as a substantive and consequently is equivalent to an infinitive; thus, “To rise early is healthful” and “Rising early is healthful” are the same.

The principal parts of a verb are the Present Indicative, Past Indicative and Past Participle; as:

Love. Loved. Loved

Sometimes one or more of these parts are wanting, and then the verb is said to be defective

present

past

Passive participle

Can

could

(wanting)

May

might

Shall

Should

Will

Would

ought

ought

Verbs may also be divided into principal and auxiliary. A principal verb is that without which a sentence or clause can contain no assertion or affirmation. An auxiliary is a verb joined to the root or participles or a principal verb to express time and manner with greater precision than can be done by the tenses and moods in their simple form. Thus, the sentence, “I am writing an exercise; when I shall have finished it I shall read it to the class.” Has no meaning without the principal verbs writing, finished, read; but the meaning is rendered more definite, especially with regard to time, by the auxiliary verbs am, have, shall.

There are nine auxiliary or helping verbs, viz., be have, do shall, will, may, can, ought, and must. They are called helping verbs, because it is by their aid the compound tenses are formed.

Sentence

No matter how short, a sentence must contain one finite verb and a subject or agent to direct the action of the verb.

A sentence always contains two parts, something spoken about and something said about it. The word or words indicating what is spoken about form what is called the subject and the word or words indicating what is said about it from what is called the predicate.

Without a finite verb we cannot affirm anything or convey an idea, therefore we can have no sentence.

Infinitives and participles which are the infinite parts of the verb cannot be predicates. “I looking up the street” is not a sentence, for it is not a complete action expressed. When we hear such an expression as “A dog running along the street,” we wait for something more to be added, something more affirmed about the dog, whether he bit or barked or fell dead or was run over.

Thus in every sentence there must be a finite verb to limit the subject.

英语写作分词规则总结 第四篇

分词做状语，其实就是相应的状语从句简化的结果，可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、伴随

一、表示时间，分词短语一般至于句首。

多数情形下，分词动作发生于谓语动作之前，有时候分词动作和谓语动作同时发生。

Having watered the garden,he began tomorrow the lawn（分词动作发生于谓语动作之前）

Riding in the street,during the rush hours,you must be careful.(分词动作和谓语动作同时发生)

二、表示原因，分词短语可置于句首或句末，有时还可以置于主谓之间。

Not knowing what to do next,I want to ask for your advice.

三、表示条件，通常放在句首

Given more time,I would be able to complete it.

四、表示让步，通常放在句首

Having lived in Canada for three years,he still can`t speak English well.

五、表结果，一般只放在句末。

I went home,finding the door locked

六、表伴随状况，补充说明或方式，分词短语置于句首或句末均可

He came running breathless and told me the results.