【高中英语基础知识要点】高中英语基础知识大全

英语词组的固定搭配

(1) get down to doing sth. 开始做某事，认真处理某事

(3) What do you say to doing sth? 你认为做某事如何？

1. It’s the first time that……….(从句中用现在完成时)

It was the first time that………(强调句，对状语for the first time进行强调)

It’s (high) time that……..(从句中用过去时或should do)

2. It’s the same with sb. / So it is with sb.表示某人也如此（用于前句中既有肯定又有否定或两个不同类的谓

语动词）

3. be about to do / be doing……when…….正要做/正在做……就在那时…….

4 .倍数的表示方法

A is twice / three times as +原级+as B

A is twice / three times than. of B.

A is twice / three times +比较级+than B

5. It’s a waste of time / money doing / to do…

It’s no use / good doing………

It’s possible / probable / (un) likely that……….

It makes great / no sense to do……做某事很有/没意义

6. There’s no use / good doing…….

There’s no sense / point (in) doing……

There is no need for sth. / to do…….

There is (no) possibility that…………（同位语从句）

7. The+比较级…….., the+比较级………越…….., 越……（注意：前半句为从句，用一般现在时代替将来

时 ）

8. It seems / appears ( to sb. ) that sb…….在某人看来某人………

= Sb. seems / appears to be / to do / to be doing / to have done……..

It seems / looks as if……….好象/似乎……..

9. It (so) happened that sb. ……..某人碰巧……..

= Sb. happened to be / to do / to be doing / to have done…..

10. It is said / thought / believed / hoped / supposed …….that sb………

=Sb. is said to be / to do / to be doing / to have done.(这种句型里如带动词hope则不能变成简单句，因为无

hope sb. to do结构)

11. …such…….that…….如此…….以致于（引导结果状语从句）

…such……..as……像……..的这种……(as为关系代词，引导定语从句，在从句里充当主、宾、表)

12. Do you mind if I do sth.? / Would you mind if I did sth.? …你介意...？ Mind doing sth …. 介

意做某事

13. The chance is that……../ (The )Chances are that……….很可能…….

14. Check / Make sure / See to it / See that……..(从句中常用一般现在时) 确信/务必……..

15. It is / was +介词短语/ 从句/ 名词/代词等+that………

How / When / Where / Why is / was it that………..?

（注意：此句型为强调句，当被强调的为表示人的词时，还可用who连接；强调主语时，从句后的谓语动

词应与前面的主语保持一致；注意与定语从句的区别）

16. How is it that……..（这几个句型都表示“怎么会…….?” “怎么发生的？”） How come+从句？

How does / did sth. come about? ( How did it come about that…….?)

如:How come you are late again?

17. There seems / appears / happens to be / must be / can’t be / is (are, was, were) said to be / is (are, was, were)

thought to be…….

表示 “.似乎有/碰巧有/一定有/不可能有/ 据说有/认为有……..”

介词（如of ）there being

want / wish / expect there to be要/希望/期待有…….. adj. / adv. enough for there to be…….足够…….会

有…….

注意：there being / there to be为there be的非谓语形式；It is said / thought that there is / are……=There is / was

/ are / were said (thought) to be……. 如：

I have never dream of there being such a good chance for me.

It won’t be cold enough for there to be a frost tonight.

18. But for + n. / pron., sb. / sth. would (not) have done…..要不是… 某人早就……(表示虚拟语气)=If it

had not been for…..,……./ If there had not been …….

19. It won(’t) be long before +从句（从句中用一般现在时）不久/很久就要…….

It was (not) long before+从句（从句中用一般过去时）不久/很久才……..

20. Those who…… .(从句及主句中谓语动词用复数形式). Anyone who…… = Whoever…… .(从句及主句中

谓语动词用单数形式) (2) look forward to doing sth. 盼望做某事

21. 主句（一般现在时或过去时）…...when从句….(might / should do 或might / should have done) 表示”对

比”,意思为 “本该……(可)而却”,主句中为陈述语气,从句里为虚拟语气,如:

Why are you here when you should be in school?你本该上学的怎么在这儿?

He stopped trying when he might have succeeded .本该已成功了他却停止努力了.

22. There is ./ Sb. have no doubt that………(同位语从句,that不可省略)

There is / Sb. have some doubt whether……..(同位语从句不可用if)

23. immediately / directly / instantly / the moment +从句 No sooner had sb. done than …(过去时)

Hardly had sb. done when……..(过去时) （ 注意：这几个结构都表示“一…….就” ）

24. every time / each time / the last time / the first time / next time +从句（名词性短语引导一个时间状语句）

anywhere / everywhere +从句（相当于wherever引导的地点状语从句）

如：You can go anywhere you like.

Next time you come, please ping your son along.

25. If only / I wish +从句(用过去类时态) 表示虚拟语气, “要是…….就好了” “但愿……就好了!”

26 . Considering + n. 或 pron. 或 that从句 / Seeing that……….考虑到/鉴于…….

Given + n. / pron作状语,表示 “在有……的情况下” “如果有” “假定”,有时也表示”考虑到”

Seeing (that) he refused to help us, there is no reason why we should help him now.

Given good health, I hope to finish the work this year.

Given their inexperience / that they are inexperienced, they’ve done a good job.

27. There was a time when…….曾经有那么一度……….

28. other than与no, not, none等否定词连用,表示肯定意思,如:

It was none other than Mr. Smith.这正是Smith先生.

29. Not until…….did / do/ does / will sb. do…… It was / is not until ……that sb………

30. It’s (un) like sb. to do / to have done……做某事很像某人/ 做某事可不像某人

31. It remains to be seen Wh--words ……..是否…….还有待于看.(不用that, if作连接词)

32 . It only remains for sb. to do……剩下的只是要某人做某事.

We’ve got everything ready. It only remains for you to come to dinner.

33. One moment……., and now………刚才一会儿还在做……而现在却……..

34. Not all / both / everyone………表示部分否定

35. Such is / are……..这(些)就是…….(谓语动词单复数由后面名词决定)

36. I’d rather (not) do / have done……我宁愿….. I’d rather +从句（从句中用过去时或过去完成时）

37. It’s important / necessary / strange / surprising….+that……(用陈述语气或should do)

38. I like / hate / appreciate it that / when等从句 (it表示后面从句的这种情况) 如：I appreciate it if you will

give me a hand.

39. By the time +从句（一般现在时/过去时），主句（将来完成时/过去完成时）

40. can not ( never) ……too +adj. (adv. ) / adj. (adv.) + enough “越……越好”“非常”

too + adj. ( anxious / eager / willing / ready / glad等)+to do….表示肯定意思

如：I can’t thank you enough.我非常感激你. He was too glad to see his father.=He was very glad to see his

father.

41. not / never等表示否定的词与比较级连用表示最高级，如：-----Do you agree with his suggestion? -------I

can’t agree more.

42.What if……..要是…….怎么办？ 如：What if he doesn’t come tomorrow?

43. more……..than与其…….不如…….. 如：He is more nervous than frightened.

44.It is / has been +一段时间+since从句(从句中如为延续性动词,则实际表示的意思相反)

如：It is two years since he drank.他不喝酒已两年了.

1、night/evening

night指in he time of darkness between evening and morning;而evening 指the time between sunset and bedtime.

2、know/learn/notice

know知道；熟悉 learn 听说；认识到；了解 notice 注意到

3、sound/cry/voice/shout/noise

sound 泛指各种声音 cry，voice，shout一般都指人的声音 noise 指噪音

4、take place 预料中的发生；happen意料外的发生 ；occur 两者兼有

What happened to（became of）you?你发生了什么事？

5、anxious/eager/worried/hurried/nervous

anxious 渴望的（eager）;担心的（worried ）hurried匆忙的 nervous 神经紧张的

6、admire/enjoy admire oneself自我欣赏 enjoy oneself玩得高兴

7、fun/joke/trick

fun和joke都有开玩笑之意，fun不可数，joke是可数名词、前面要加不定冠词 a play /a joke on sb. 开某人

的玩笑；a practical joke＝a trick恶作剧；play a trick on sb. 捉弄某人。

8、wonder/imagine/notice/examine

wonder想知道 ；imagine想象； notice 注意到； examine 考查

9、way/means/method

means[常用作单]方法；手段，工具; a means to an end达到目的方法；method方法、办法，与way 可以替

换使用。

10、path/road/way path 小路；人行道 road公路 way 道路 the way to the station

11、idea/opinion/suggestion/advice/tip

idea 主意；意见 opinion 意见；见解 suggestion可数 advice不可数 tip n.告诫，提示；劝告

12、examine/check/search

examine 检查；诊察；审查，目的在于想了解有关的情况；check核实，检查，目的在于判断正误或是否正

常；search搜查

13、usual/spare修饰 usual惯常的，平常的 spare空闲的（free）

14、instead/however都作副词时，instead

思。

15、lost/missing/gone都可表示

16、pour/drop pour倒，灌；drop 使滴下，使落下

17、admire/inspire/support

admire钦佩 inspire鼓舞 support 支持

18、courage/spirit/strength courage勇气 spirit 精神 strength力气

19、journey/travel/trip journey长途旅行 travel广义的旅行 trip旅行（一次来回）a round trip

20、common/ordinary/usual/average/regular/normal

common 公用的；普通的 ordinary普通的；平凡的 usual 平常的；惯常的（as usual）average平均的；普

通的；平常的（an article of average quality 普通产品）regular 固定的；有规律的（the regular people生活有

规律的人）normal 正常的（return to normal恢复正常）

21、develop/become develop vt.养成；形成（form） become 变成（grow, turn, get等）连系动词

22、cheat/lie cheat作弊 lie 说谎

23、small change零钱 extra change 多给的零钱

24、walk/step/march walk走、步行 step 跨，踏 march（齐步）前进、行进、行军、游行

25、out of step 步调不一致 out of order 不整齐，出故障 26、out of sight, out of mind（谚语）眼不见，心

不想

27、suffering 苦难 trouble麻烦 difficulty困难 danger危险

28、remain/last remain 保持，仍然 系动词 last 延续，持续

29、disturb/bother/trouble/interrupt

bother one"s head（或pains）about … 为……费脑筋 what troubles me most is… 使我极不安的

是……

disturb 打扰，扰乱，妨碍 interrupt 打断，打扰 如：Don"t bother to care about others" matter.不要费心去管

别人的事。

30、possible 可能的 probable 较可能的 likely 很有可能的

31、exercise 锻炼；练习 practice练习训练（业余的）training训练（专业性强） 常见动词短语归纳小结

look 的常用短语：look up „ in查找 look sb. up and down 上下打量 look back to/ upon回顾 look upon„as把„ 看作 look forward to期待 look through浏览; 看穿 take a new look呈现新面貌

fear的常用 in fear害怕地 (be) in fear of 害怕 for fear of/ that担心；生怕

concentrate 的常用短语： concentrate on 专心„ concentrate one’s mind on 专心于„

类似的短语：fix one’s mind upon focus on put one’s heart into focus one’s mind on

surprise常用短语：in surprise惊讶地 to one’s surprise 使某人惊讶的是

be surprise at/to do/that对某事感到惊讶

表示“穿衣”的动作或状态的词和短语

1．表示动作的有：pull on put on dress dress sb

2. 表示状态的有：wear be in be dressed in have … on

常见表“喜欢”的短语和单词

like care for be keen on be fond of take delight in…

trouble的常用短语： have much trouble / no trouble (in) doing 在„有/没有困难

take great trouble to do不辞辛劳做某事

put sb to the trouble of doing „为难某人做某事 make trouble捣乱

be in (great) trouble 惹麻烦；处在困境中 help sb. out of trouble帮某人摆脱困境

end的常用短语： come to an end„„结束 put an end to 结束„„ on end竖起, 连续 in the end终于; 最后 end up (by) doing„以„„结束 make both ends meet收支相抵

表示“导致”、“由„引起”的短语：

1. 导致cause sth. (to do) result in lead to

2. 由„„引起 be caused by result from grow out of lie in

表“全力以赴”的短语：do / try one’s best spare no efforts to do take great pains to do go all out to do do what somebody can (do) to do do all somebody can (do) to do

direction常用短语： in (the ) direction of„.朝„„方向

under the direction of ...在„„的指导下follow the directions照说明去做

far常用短语：

far from (being)离„„要求相差很远 far from +(a place)距离某地很远

far away遥远 so far 到目前为止; 那么远

as far as sb. knows/sees据某人所知 by far (最高级前,比较级后)起强调作用

distance常用短语： in the distance在远处 from/ at a distance从远处

keep sb. at a distance 于某人保持一定距离 It is no distance at all.不远

use常用短语： used to do过去曾经、常做 be used to doing „习惯于„„

be used to do被用来做„„ make good/ full use of充分利用„„

come into use开始使用„„ it is no use doing „干„„没有用

“出了什么事”的几种不同表达

What’s wrong with….? What’s the matter with…? What’s the trouble with…? What happened (to sb.) ?

“众所周知”常用表达法：

It is known to all that„主语从句，that不能省 As is known to all,定语从句，置于句首

We all know (that)后接宾语从句 Everyone knows (that)后接宾语从句

, which is known to all.非限定从句，置于句末

表“同意某人意见”的常用短语：

agree with sb. /what sb. said agree to sth.

approve (of) sth. in favour of sth.

be agreeable to sth. be for sth. “不同意”

disagree with sb./ what sb. said object to sth.

disapprove (of) sth. be against sth.

sign的常用短语：

sign one’s name签名 sign to sb (not) to do sth. 示意某人(不)做某事

signs of „„„的迹象

would rather 与 prefer 的区别

1．宁愿做„„而不做„„ would rather do A than do B prefer A to B

prefer to do A rather than do B

2. would rather 主语 + 过去式，表示“宁愿”

eg. I would rather you came tomorrow than today.

should prefer sb. to do sth./ should prefer 主语 + 过去式，表示“比较喜欢„„”

eg. I should prefer you not to go there alone.

OR: I should prefer that you did not go there alone.

trap常用短语

be caught in a trap落入圈套 be led into a trap中圈套 set a trap to do sth.设圈套„„ be trapped in sth.被„..所围困

grow常用短语

in the grow of在„.成长中 grow up长大; 成长 grow rich on*„.. 变富 grow into长成„„ grow out of由„..引起/滋生出

make常用短语be made up of =consist of 由„„组成 make up for弥补

be made from/ of由„„造成 make up编造;组成;化妆 be made into制成„„ make fun of取笑; 嘲弄 make a living 谋生

supply, provide, offer 的区别：

1．表示“向某人提供某物” supply / provide sb. with sth. supply / provide sth. for sb.

supply sth. to sb. offer sb. sth.

2. 表示“主动提出做某事” offer to do sth.

3. 表示“倘使”、“假如” provided / providing that= on condition that=only if

4. 表示“满足需要”supply / meet a need.

supply的常用短语 in short supply 缺乏，不足 medical/military supply医疗/军用品 supplies of„许多

lack的常用短语 be lacking in sth. 在„„不足 make up for the lack of 弥补„„的不足

for/by/from/through lack of„由于„不足,缺乏 have no lack of不缺

damage的常用短语 do damage/harm to 对„„有害 cause damage to 对„„造成损害 ask for

damage要求赔偿

die of 与die from 的区：die of 表示“死于„„病”或冻死、气死，或死于过度悲伤。die of

cancer/grief/hunger/anger/cold

die from表示死于外伤、事故、劳累过度。如：die from polluted air/overwork/sword thrust

die常用短语 die for one’s country为国捐躯 die down熄灭、平息 die away消逝、静下来

die off绝种、枯死 die a heroic death英勇牺牲

threaten常用短语 threaten sb. with sth.用„„威胁某人 threaten to do„威胁做„„

under the threat of„在„„的威胁下

speed常用短语 speed up加速 at the speed of„以„..的速度 with great speed迅速

aim常用短语 take aim at瞄准 reach an aim达到目的 aim at瞄准、针对

permit与allow 的区别

表“允许做某事”或“允许某人做某事”用法基本相同。

permit/allow doing sth. permit/allow sb. to do sth. permit /allow of sth

一般在独立主格结构中表示“时间、条件等许可”，多用permit

Time/Weather permitting, I’ll drop in on her.

allow 还可以表示“承认”、“考虑到”。例如：1. We allow him to be wronged.

means常用短语 by means of通过„.by this means/ in this way用这种方法 by no means/in no case决不 by

all means用一切办法

keep常用短语 keep up with紧跟„.. keep sb. doing sth.让某人一直 keep sb. from doing sth.阻止„..

做„„

keep off the grass勿踏草地 keep to the point紧扣主题 keep in touch with

与„„保持联系

mark常用短语 make one’s mark成功、出名 be marked with标明 gain/get full marks

for „„得满分

seat常用短语 take one’s seat坐下 have a seat请坐 see/find sb. seated看见/发现某人

坐在„. be seated就座, 坐着 seat oneself in/at/on使自己坐在

give常用短语 give up放弃 give in让步\屈服 give off 散发出 give away赠送、泄漏 give rise to 引起„„ give out 疲劳、用完、散发出

fit常用短语 be fit for适合 keep fit/keep healthy保持健康 be fit to do 适合于„.. fit in with适应„„ a nice fit合身的衣服 „fit sb.某人穿„.. 合身

reach 常用短语 reach an agreement达成协议 reach for„伸手去拿/够„„

within / out of reach够得到/够不着 reach sb’s understanding 使某人明白

feed常用短语 feed sth. to sb/feed sb. on sth. 用„„喂养„„

be fed up of„/ be tired of„/ be bored with„ 对„„感到厌倦 feed on以„„为食

mercy常用短语without mercy残忍地 have mercy on /upon 对„„表示怜悯

at the mercy of任凭摆布 beg for mercy 乞求饶恕

exist常用短语exist in/lie in/consist in存在于„„ in existence 现存的

come into existence/ come into being 形成

opinion常用短语 in one’s opinion =in the opinion of sb.在某人看来

have a high/ low opinion of 对„„评价高/低 give one’s opinion on 对„„谈自己的看法

persuade常用短语 persuade sb. to do = persuade sb. into doing 说服某人做某事

try to persuade sb. to do 试图说服某人做某事 persuade sb. to sth. 说服某人同意某事

engage 常用短语 be engaged to sb. 与某人订婚

be engaged in sth. = be engaged doing sth. 忙于„„, 从事某事

wide 与poad 的区别 它们均可以表“宽”和“广阔的”

a river 50 feet wide/ poad

指身体部位“宽肩、宽背”一般用poad 表示“睁大眼睛、张大嘴巴”一般用wide。

poad shoulders/ back with wide eyes open one’s mouth wide

wide 还可以作副词，表示“完全、大大地” be wide awake be wide open

sure常用短语 be sure of/about 对„„由把握 be sure to do sth. 肯定会„„

make sure + that-clause 务必„„,一定要„„make sure of„ 弄清楚„„

experience 常用短语 have experience in„ 在„„有经验 be experienced in„ 在„„有经验

pain 常用短语 take great pains to do 努力做某事 spare no pains to do 全力以赴做某事

stick 常用短语 stick to sth. 坚持„„ stick „on„ 粘贴„„ be stuck in „ 陷进„„ stick no bills 请勿张贴

spare 常用短语spare money/time for 省出钱„，腾出时间 in one’s spare time 在某人业余时间

spare no efforts to do 不遗余力去做 don’t spare the opinions 不要保留意见

put down的不同含义 put down (one’s knife and fork) 放下„„ pit down the rebellion 镇压

put down what sb. says 记下，写下

take up 的不同含义 take up a hobby 培养„„ take up football 开始„„

take up the work 继续„„ take up„time/space 消耗,占据„„

take up a post 就职 take up a song/ cry 跟着一起„„

habit 常用短语 form/get the habit of养成„„习惯

be in/have the habit of 有„„.习惯 get into the habit of 沾染了„„恶习

get rid of the habit= grow out of the habit= peak away from the habit改掉了„„习惯