【大学英语写作教学初步探讨】大学英语写作模板
摘要：写作教学在我校的大学英语教学中被提到必须重力培养的方案中，其实，在语言学习中，检验是否能够掌握好语言，很重要的一个指标就是能否写出地道的文章出来。文章简要从以下两个个方面来初步探讨英文写作的特点，从而把握好大体教学思路。
关键词：英汉差异；写作； 逻辑；英语教学
学生们毕业后，读到英文和写到英文的机会比听到和说道要多。而从另一个角度来说，写作属于语言的输出，它更能衡量学生是否有语言运用的能力。写作之所以难的原因在于它受到了英汉思维模式差异的影响。
一、篇章结构的差异性
大家都知道，中文属于意向思维，也就是说，更多的情况下，篇章的整体大意是在读完全文之后才了然。所谓，形散神不散，正是中文文章篇章的核心。例如，马致远的词：枯藤老树昏鸦，小桥流水人家，古道西风瘦马，夕阳西下，断肠人在天涯。这首诗，似乎都是片段，但是，当你读完，头脑中就有一片凄美的场景。至于具体的作者要传达的意思，你就通过头脑构建的那幅图就明了，而不是哪一句话明白的告诉读者。但是，英文是不一样的：下面看一篇雅思写作的作文。
Given time, technology will completely replace the traditional teacher in the classroom. Do you agree or disagree?
Technology has been increasingly used throughout the world. This is very apparent in classrooms today. It is disagreed that technology will replace teachers in the classroom. This will be proven by analyzing how teachers can cater to the needs of the students as well as motivate and discipline them.
A very important aspect of teaching is the ability of the teacher to shape their teaching style to the needs of their students. As an example, ……As a result, technology will not replace teachers.
Motivation and discipline are key to a student’s academic success in the classroom. …… After analyzing this, it is clear that teachers will always be needed in the classroom.
Following the analysis of a teacher’s ability to cater to the students as well as their capability of guiding students towards success, it is clear that technology will never replace teachers in the classroom.
从这篇文章里可以看出，完全的总分总框架，及时只读完了第一段，我们也能知道，作者要表达的观点及原因是什么。
二、句子与句子之间的衔接的差异性
句间连接失败的案例：Effective advertising tends to change people’s behaviors. Some advertisements show very dark lungs of people who have smoked a lot; many people have quit smoking. Other advertisements feature glamorous people smoking; young people start to smoke. The influence of advertising on young people, many cigarette advertisements are not allowed on TV or near schools. These rules have been effective for a long time, but the number of young smokers has doubled. If this is not advertising, what’s the reason?
句间连接成功的案例：Effective advertising tends to change people’s behaviors. Some advertisements show very dark lungs of people who have smoked a lot; consequently, many people have quit smoking. Other advertisements feature glamorous people smoking; As a result, young people start to smoke. Because of the influence of advertising on young people, many cigarette advertisements are not allowed on TV or near schools. These rules have been effective for a long time, but the number of young smokers ahs doubled. If this is not due to advertising, what’s the reason?
三、句子内部的逻辑衔接的差异性
中文中，句子之间不需要明显的逻辑词语，如：我想睡，太累了。一般不会说，我想睡，因为我觉得太累了，今天做了很多的工作。而英文的逻辑关系同样需要形式上的连接词。
It is cruel to conduct experiment on animals._____________, I strongly oppose this course of action.
So/Therefore
It is cruel to conduct experiment on animals._____________, it is necessary for the advancement of science and technology.
But/Nevertheless
It is cruel to conduct experiment on animals._____________, it deprives animals’ rights for survival.
Also/Moreover
以上三点，只是很浅显的谈论了一下英文写作和中文写作的差异性，在今后的教学和研究中，将更深入的研究英文写作和中文写作的最好切入点。
（作者单位：武昌理工学院文法与外语学院）
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